Bacterial NLR-related proteins protect against phage

Anonymous — Mon, 08 May 2023 15:17:54 +0000

Bacterial NLR-related proteins protect against phage Anonymous (not verified) Mon, 05/08/2023 - 09:17

Emily Kibby Amy Conte A. Maxwell Burroughs Toni Nagy Alfredo Vargas Lindsay Whalen L. Aravind Aaron Whiteley

Cell (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.015

BioRxiv Preprint, July 20 2022, https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.19.500537v1

Abstract

Bacteria use a wide range of immune pathways to counter phage infection. A subset of these genes shares homology with components of eukaryotic immune systems, suggesting that eukaryotes horizontally acquired certain innate immune genes from bacteria. Here, we show that proteins containing a NACHT module, the central feature of the animal nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing gene family (NLRs), are found in bacteria and defend against phages. NACHT proteins are widespread in bacteria, provide immunity against both DNA and RNA phages, and display the characteristic C-terminal sensor, central NACHT, and N-terminal effector modules. Some bacterial NACHT proteins have domain architectures similar to the human NLRs that are critical components of inflammasomes. Human disease-associated NLR mutations that cause stimulus-independent activation of the inflammasome also activate bacterial NACHT proteins, supporting a shared signaling mechanism. This work establishes that NACHT module-containing proteins are ancient mediators of innate immunity across the tree of life.

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Ancient mediators of innate immunity [SBGrid]
Cross-kingdom defence proteins [Nature Reviews Microbiology]

NLR

Bacterial NLR-related proteins protect against phage

Abstract

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